The synthesis of citronellyl butyrate by direct esterification reaction catalyzed by immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa was studied in a continuous packed bed reactor using n-hexane as organic solvent. Parameters such as residence time, temperature, and pH were examined. The optimum conversion was obtained at a flow rate of 1 ml/min (residence time 8 min), temperature of 50 °C, and pH 7.5. ...

— Temporal asynchrony between two cameras in the vision system is a usual problem in practice. In some vision task such as estimating fast moving targets, the estimation error caused by the tiny temporal asynchrony will become non-ignorable essentials. This paper will address on the asynchrony in the stereo vision system of humanoid Ping-Pong robot, and present a real-time accurate Ping-Pong ba...

Improving system performance in terms of data rate, mobility and cost is the scope of Long Term Evolution (LTE) system. In LTE networks the handover (HO) decision is performed by the evolved base station (eNB). The ping-pong movement in LTE is one of the most crucial problems which reduce the quality of the connection and degrade the performance of the handover. In this paper, the impact of pin...

In this paper we propose a Ping – Pong transitions on web applications. The numerical values of parameters in real time situations are not exactly predictable; to overcome this we are using a fuzzy criterion through possibilities which are represented as a triangular fuzzy number. We introduce a method to study the long term behavior (steady state) of Ping – Pong transitions using Fuzzy Markov ...

Location areas is a popular location management scheme in cellular networks. In the location areas scheme, a mobile terminal updates its location whenever it moves into a cell that belongs to a new location area. However, no matter how the location areas are designed, the ping-pong location update effect exists when a mobile terminal moves back and forth between two location areas. The paper de...

This paper proposes a ping-pong document clustering method using NMF and the linkage based refinement alternately, in order to improve the clustering result of NMF. The use of NMF in the ping-pong strategy can be expected effective for document clustering. However, NMF in the ping-pong strategy often worsens performance because NMF often fails to improve the clustering result given as the initi...

The Security of the RSA implementation of ping-pong protocols is considered. It is shown that the obvious RSA properties, such as "multiplicativity", do not endanger the security of ping-pong protocols. Namely, if a ping-pong protocol is secure in general then its implementation using an "ideal RSA" is also secure.